Florence's historic centre is small enough to walk entirely — the walled medieval city is about 2.5km across at its widest — which makes hotel location matter enormously. Central accommodation here doesn't just save time; it changes the quality of the experience. Walking out of a hotel and onto a 15th-century piazza is a fundamentally different start to the day than taking a taxi from a peripheral hotel.
The centre divides into several distinct zones. The Duomo quarter (around Piazza del Duomo and Piazza della Repubblica) is the most tourist-dense and the most architecturally spectacular. Hotels here include the Four Seasons in its Renaissance palazzo garden, the Grand Hotel Baglioni, and several good mid-range properties on Via dei Calzaiuoli and Via Tornabuoni.
The Santa Maria Novella area (around the train station and the piazza of the same name) provides excellent transport access alongside proximity to the Accademia, Palazzo Medici, and the Mercato Centrale. It's less exclusively tourist-facing than the Duomo quarter and has better neighbourhood restaurants.
The area around Piazza della Signoria and the Lungarno is where the Arno-view hotels cluster — Portrait Firenze, Hotel Lungarno, Continentale — and where the evening light on the river creates the classic Florentine sunset image.
Practical notes: Florence's historic centre has restricted vehicle access (ZTL zones) — hotels within the ZTL will arrange entry passes for guests arriving by car. Most central properties have no parking (extremely limited, extremely expensive); arrive by train at Santa Maria Novella station if possible. The train from Rome takes 1.5 hours; from Bologna, 35 minutes.